Beater apparatus



OCL 1 1957 J. L. Scl-imm Erm. 2,807,989

BEATER APPARATUS Filed July 9, 1953 United States Patent ice BEATER APPARATUS Application July 9, 1953, Serial No. 367,008 Z Claims. (Cl. 92--27) =In the manufacture of paper, cardboard or the `like it is usual to disintegrate the primary materials, whether fresh materials or textile wastes in apparatus such as hollanders or mills with disc-like, conical or other beaters.

vSu-ch machines comprise a xed member and a movable member between which the material to be treated passes. These members are provide-d with blades or segments of hard material such as stainless steel, bronze, lava and various agglomerates. The conception which has hitherto governed the construction of such machines has been to disintegrate the material to be treated by means of the hardest possible members, which results in various inconveniences and particularly a disadvantageous shortening of the libres which the material vcontains and a reduction of their felting capability.

According to the present invention these disadvantages are minimized or reduced by causing the material to be treated to pass between members of which at least one is provided with agitating means of an elastomeric material the elastic deformation of which is of the order of that of rubber, or rests on the frame of the machine which supports it through the intermediary of .a mass of material having the same characteristic.

Preferably, the agitating means are formed of bars extending in -a direction perpendicular to the direction of relative displacement of the disintegrating members.

More particularly, and especially in machines whereof the disintegrating members are in the form of cones, or frustums of cones, that member which is provided with the novel bars as aforesaid (for example, in a conical beater the outer cone) constitutes or is mounted on one of the walls of -a chamber within which pressure can be yvaried in such a manner as to effect a deformation of said wall.

Such deformable wall may be mounted by the intermediary of at least one elastically deformable member subject to the pressure variation within the chamber.

Such a wall may for example be made of rubber.

An embodiment of the invention will be described solely by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:

-Figure l Vis a longitudinal section of a truste-conical mill, and

-Figure 2 is la section on an enlarged scale on the line II-Il of Figure 1.

The material to be treated is suspended in a liquid and supplied under pressure to an entrance chamber 1 of the machine. A screw feeder Z is mounted on a shaft 3 together with a beater plug 4 of truste-conical form, the details of mounting and sealing of the shaft 3 in the machine being clearly evident from the drawing. Under continuous rotation of the shaft 3 the screw feeder 2 forces the material to be treated into 'a beating chamber formed between the inner member or cone 4 and a oooperating hollow outer member in the -form of a female cone 5 constituting the disintegration means, and the treated lfibrous pulp suspension is discharged from the machine by way of a duct 6.

2,807,989 Patented Oct. 1, 1957 According to one feature of .the present invention, the male cone A4 has attached thereto elastomeric agitating members in the form of rubber 'bars 7 having bases of trapezoidal section, these bars being maintained in position by bars 8 of metal or other means the cross-sections of which are complementary -to the cross-sections ofthe bases 7a of the bars 7. The bars 8 are secured to the cone '4 as shown in AFigure 2 by screws 9.

.'Ihe female cone may be provided with similar elastomeric agitating members or bars.

According to another feature `of the invention, the female cone is formed -of a conical member 10 of rubber or metal, the margins :of which. are secured to rubber members 11 fixed to a hollow support or casing 1,2 of conical external form. The casing 12 :and the cone constituted `by'members y10 and 11 together comprisean airtight chamber 13 the volume of which may be varied or within which the pressure can be varied by connecting it to a source of uid under pressure sli-own schematically at 13a (for example air) by way of a connection 14.

Experiments which have been made show that with apparatus -as described there is obtained a beating of the pulp comparable to a large extent with the action of the rods or hammers in the old type of paper mill, and a long libre imparting to papers high mechanical resistance without the need for recourse to long bre celluloses. Microscopic examination of the pulps in course of treatment moreover permits the operation of progressive fibrillation to be followed and controlled without interruption.

More particularly, in the case of pulps of waste paper disintegrated to a greater or less extent in the mod-ern preparatory machines operating with the .aid of liquids, there is -achieved with the apparatus as above described maximum preservation of the libres which have already been disentegrated. The nodules which .always subsist are rapidly reduced into elementary lib-res and the pulp simultaneously thus receives a desirable thickening, always without shortening of the fibres.

The flexible agitating means :above described may be applied to all known -disintegrating apparatus, such as 'hollanders and disc Ior cone beaters, without modification of mechanical means for relative adjustment of the mobile and fixed members. However, replacement of the usual rigid mechanism 'by a pneumatic means alfording regulable elastic pressure permits the obtaining of apparatus of maximum eicacy. According to fthe kind of material -to be treated, such elastic pressure may be exerted on either the xed bars or the movable bars, the relative positions being determined by positive or negative deformation, that is by expansion o-r contraction within the chamber.

We claim:

1. A beater apparatus comprising, in combination, a hollow support; a hollow outer member having an inner surface forming a beating chamber; resilient mounting means for mounting said outer member within said support so that an airtight chamber is formed between the inner surface lof said support Iand the outer lsurface of said outer member, said airtight chamber being adapted .to communicate with a source of fluid under pressure so that the volume of said airtight chamber and consequently the volume of said beating chamber may be varied by lvarying the fluid pressure prevailing within sai-d airtight chamber; a plurality of iirst elastomeric agitating mem- 'bers secured to the inner face of said outer member and projecting inwardly into said beating chamber; an inner member arranged within said beating chamber; a plurality of second elastomeric agitating members secured to said inner member and projecting outwardly into said beating cham-ber, said second agitating members being spaced from said iirst agitating members; and moving means for moving said inner member relative to said outer member so that when said inner member is `moved relative to `said outer member a substance within said 'beating chamber is beaten by said agitating members.

2. A beater apparatus comprising, in combination, a hollow support; a hollow outer member having an-inner surface forming a beating chamber; resilientmounting means formounting said outer member within said support so that an -airtight chamber is formed tbetween the inner surface of said support and the outer `surface of saidouter member, said airtight chamber being adapted to communicate with a source of Huid under pressure so that the volume of said airtight chamber and consequentlyv the volume of said beating chamber may 'bevaried by varying the uid pressure prevailing within said airtight chamber; a plurality of flirst elastomeric agitating members Asecured to the inner face of said outer member and projecting inwardly into-said beating chamber; an inner member arranged within said beating' chamber; a plurality of second elastomeric 'agitating :members secured to said inner Ymember and projecting outwardly into said beating chamber, said second agitating members `being spaced from said first `agitating members; feed means operatvely associated with said inner member for feeding a substance to be beaten into said beating chamber; and moving means for moving said inner member relative to said outer member and for moving said feed means so lth'at when said inner member is moved relative to said outer member .a substance fed into said beating chamber by said feed means is beaten by said agitating members.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED 'STATES PATENTS 625,818 Wagg May 30, 1899 642,387 Tempied etal. Jan. 30, 1900 1,507,305 Bolton Sept. 2, 1924 1,696,639 Lewis Dec. 25, 1928 1,851,0712 Travis Mar.'29, 1932 1,951,519 Milne Mar. 20, 1934 2,124,393 Benner et al July 19, 1938 2,592,481 Spencer et al. Apr. 8, 1952 2,645,983 Roberson )July 21, 1953 2,663,228 Serp'as Dec. 22, 1953 2,668,110 Spencer et al Feb. 2, 1954 

